Science Letters

Wastewater Treatment Strategies in China: An Overview

Haq Nawaz Abbasi 1, 2*, Xiwu Lu 1, Feng Xu 1, Jing Xie 1

1School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, China

2Department of Environmental Science, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science and Technology, Karachi, Pakistan

Abstract

Limited water resources and ensuring access to clean water confront the world with critical environmental challenges. In highly industrialized countries, such as china, the rate of water pollution is high, leading to a shortage of fresh water needed for human consumption. In that respect, large scale centralized wastewater treatment systems are considered a characteristic of highly industrialized countries, and for long have been regarded as an extremely successful approach in the wastewater treatment. Despite the availability of this approach in China, the country has continued to experience freshwater shortage and deterioration. This study reviewed freshwater resources and pollution of water resources, the rate of wastewater generation and treatment, wastewater treatment plants and wastewater treatment technologies used in China, especially sanitation conditions and wastewater management in rural China. In addition, the study explored wastewater treatment by the constructed wetlands in China.

Keywords Constructed wetland, China, pollution, wastewater, WWTPs.

Received January 17, 2016 Accepted February 29, 2016 Abstract Published March 15, 2016 Mauscript Published April 15, 2016

*Corresponding author Haq Nawaz Abbasi Email hn.abbasi@fuuast.edu.pk