Science Letters

Effect of Bariatric Surgery on Primary Hypertension in Morbidly Obese Patients: Possible Mechanisms

SachinBhagat, Jiajun Lu, Radheshyam Gupta, Jiangfan Zhu*

Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 1800-Yuntai Road, Pudong, Shanghai, China

Abstract

Obesity has become a serious threat to the human health and is considered as a major non-communicable disease. Bariatric surgery has proved to be the most competent in the treatment of morbid obesity and its related metabolic comorbidities like type 2 diabetes, hypertension, obstructive sleep apnea, coronary heart disease and hyperlipidemia. The chances of developing primary hypertension increases with an increase in weight and even notable gain in weight in this group are accompanied with the higher chances for acquiring primary hypertension. Bariatric surgery has proven to be a landmark in the resolution of obesity along with the improvement or complete resolution of hypertension in hypertensive obese patients. The adipose tissues in obese patients, not only store energy, but also secret various adipokines. These adipokines such as adiponectin, leptin and resistin have shown to have a vital role in the pathophysiology of essential hypertension. Studies have shown a marked reduction in blood pressure in hypertensive obese patients undergoing Bariatric surgery. The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system activation, the sympathetic nervous system disorders and endothelial dysfunction seems to play a major role between the obesity and hypertension. Currently, there has not been any independent study showing the relation between the Bariatric surgeries having a role in relieving primary hypertension or the mechanism by which Bariatric surgery decreases blood pressure. Thus, in this review, we discussed the possible causes of primary hypertension in the obese patients along with the role of Bariatric surgery in hypertensive obese patients, with its possible mechanisms involved in decreasing the blood pressure.

Keywords Bariatric surgery, obesity, primary hypertension, relationship.

Received March 19, 2016 Accepted May 28, 2016 Abstract Published June 30, 2016 Manuscript Published August 15, 2016

*Corresponding author Jiangfan Zhu E-mail zhujiangfan@hotmail.com Tel +86-13818060386