Science Letters

A Critique Regarding Hypodivergent and Hyperdivergent Skeletal Patterns

Mehjabeen Al Jabri, Dongyue Wang, Tingting Zhou, Lin Wang, Junqing Ma*

Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, 210029, Nanjing, China

Abstract

To decide the most accurate treatment plan for orthodontic patients, the principle component is the facial type. According to measurements obtained by the practitioner from radiographs or photographs of the patients whether linear, proportional or angular measurements, those are classified as brachyfacial (short and broad face type), mesofacial (intermediate type) and dolichofacial (long and narrow face type). Both hypodivergent and hyperdivergent facial types are deliberated as unesthetic and therefore enclosed in the orthodontic complication record. To evaluate the vertical skeletal growth pattern of an orthodontic patient, there are many angular and linear analysis methods. Some of the commonly used parameters are facial height ratio [lower anterior facial height (LAFH) to total anterior facial height (TAFH)] and Jarabak's ratio. The angular parameters which are commonly used are the SN-GoGn plane angle (sella-nasion to gonion-gnathion), SN.MP plane angle (sella-nasion to gonion-menton plane), Y-axis, maxillary/mandibular plane (MMA) plane angle and Frankfort to mandibular plane (FMA) plane angle. The maturational status of children is related to the categorical stages of physiological maturity rather than chronological age, which is a non-decisive indicator. Usually, the dental and skeletal factors of class II division 1 are corrected by orthopedic-orthodontic therapeutics in conjugation with bionator. According to few investigations in patients with class III malocclusion, some of the extra-oral appliances which can be used are chin cap, headgear for the mandibular arch, and face mask, etc.