Biomedical Letters

Review article | https://doi.org/10.47262/BL/9.2.20230717

Non-visual and alerting impact of light on the physiology of human body

Sehrish Naz

Department of Zoology, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan

Abstract

The human body and brain are affected by light both visually and non-visually. Light has extraordinary impact on large group of physiological capabilities, and encompass neuroendocrine regulation, sleep, alertness, cognition, and ocular reflexes, as well as phase-shifting and synchronization of the circadian framework. The blue light exposure is significant for keeping living organisms, cognitive performance prosperity and sharpness. The human eyes may suffer from excessive exposure of the blue light. The lack of light has a negative impact on sleep quality and alertness as well as mood, seasonal affective disorder and neurocognitive cycles. Early morning exposure to strong light delays the peak of melatonin production and alters cortisol, GH, PRL, and nocturnal vasopressin emission. Metabolic capabilities including the reducing levels of glucose resistance and diminished insulin sensitivity are horribly affected by night light exposure. Type 2 diabetes risk increases in an old populace due to the elevation in night light exposure. Ladies presented to night-light moves had sporadic monthly cycles that were much of the time related to dysmenorrhea and metabolic disorder insulin obstruction and liberation of glucose digestion. Estrus cycles, ovulation, sperm production, implantation, and the development of pregnancy are also affected by the desynchronizing effect of altered light signals on the circadian peripheral clocks in female and male conceptive tissues. DNA is harmed directly by UVB radiation. The present effort is to investigate and summarize the non-visual and alerting effect of light on the physiology of the human body.